PART 1. INTRODUCTION OF AT9S Pro

1.1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

1. Do not use the remote controller in the rain! Avoid moisture entering the transmitter. If it is unavoidable to use this product in humid weather (such as competitions), please cover your remote controller and receiver with a waterproof cloth, and do not fly if there is lightning.
2. Don’t use it in rainy and snowy weather. This weather environment will interfere with the remote controller equipment, resulting in loss of control and accidents!
3. Don’t use this equipment in crowded areas and places prohibited by national laws and regulations!
4. Do not allow children (Less than 14 years old) to touch this product. This product is not a toy. Please be careful when operating in scenes where children are present.
5. Please strictly abide by local laws and regulations when flying to ensure safe flight!
6. Make sure the throttle stick and trim button are set at the lowest end before turning on, then turn on the power button and check whether the power supply is sufficient, then turn on the receiver!
7. Check whether the various actions of servo are consistent with the direction of the corresponding joystick before operating the model. If they are inconsistent, please adjust before using!
8. Please turn off the receiver and controlled equipment before stopping use, and then turn off the power supply of the transmitter. If the operation is reversed, it may cause loss of control and cause an accident!
9. The operating voltage of transmitter is 7.4V~18V. Please do not use battery outside this voltage range when replacing the battery by yourself.
10. You can choose 8 dry battery or 2S~4S lithiumbattery to power the transmitter. Please learn about the characteristics of lithium battery and use the professional lithium battery charger. Improper operation may cause permanent damage and risk of fire.
11. There is a Micro USB port at the bottom of AT9S Pro. Please note the port is for upgrading firmware, not for charging.

1.2 Basic introduction of AT9S Pro

1.2.1 Technical Parameters

1.2.2 Configuration List

1.2.3 Recommended Configuration

The below accessories sold separately. You can enter the Aliexpress Official Store to purchase. Or login to the Radiolink official website for product details.

1.2.4 Transmitter

1.2.5 Basic Usage and Settings

SWITCH ASSIGNMENT TABLE

• The factory default functions activated by the switches and knobs for a AT9S Pro transmitter are shown below.

• Most AT9S Pro functions may be reassigned to non-default positions quickly and easily. Always check that you have the desired switch assignment for each function during set up.

1.2.6 Transmitter Displays

Transmitter Displays & Buttons

When you first turn on your transmitter, a confirmation double beep sounds, and the screen shown below

The model name and the user name. Before flying, or even starting the engine, be sure that the model type and name appearing on the display matches the model that you are about to fly! If you are in the wrong model memory, servos may be reversed, and travels and trims will be wrong, leading to an immediate crash.

The signal tower. When it is connected to the receiver successfully, there will be a signal It shows the signal strength between the transmitter and the receiver. After connection with TBS crossfire transmitter, there will be a signal of CRSF.

The voltage of the transmitter and the flight attitude.

The boot time of the transmitter.

T1/2 for Timer 1/2. You can set a timer for flight time to avoid crash caused by over discharging and low voltage of the battery. You can also set it to control limited time function for Flight fixed maneuvers.

The boot time of the model. You can also set other timer function in the menu.

After successful connection between the transmitter and the receiver, RX will shows the voltage of the receiver.(When using receiver R6DS, R6DSM and R12DSM, RX will not be displayed )

After connecting with telemetry module such as PRM-01 or PRM-01, EXT will shows the model voltage. You can buy it on RadioLink official website.

Take model 2 left hand as an example. There are 4 calibrated scale on the screen edges, which represents the trimming of aileron, elevator, throttle and rudder, corresponding to four trimmer button on the transmitter. Do not use trimmer button before first flight. It is suitable to trim flight attitude during first horizon flight.

ALARMING

When the transmitter is powered on, warning or error may happen by the following probability

Battery low voltage alarming

Lithium battery 2S-4S can fit for the transmitter, warning voltage can be self-set according to different battery.

Setting step: power on the transmitter, press and hold MODE one second to enter basic menu, and press PUSH to enter PARAMETER. Choose TX ALARM by DIAL and PUSH to change relative data. Suggested min voltage is not less than 7.4V.

When the transmitter voltage is less than the setting voltage, it will beep till the transmitter is powered off. Most important thing is to land your model plane when the transmitter alarms.

2. Mixing alarm

When the transmitter alarms mixing, it means at least one mixed switch is active. And when it is inactive, warning will stop then. When the transmitter is powered on, in different model type, mixing switch is shown as below:

ACRO: throttle cut, idle down, snap roll, air brake

GLID: butterfly, condition

HELI: throttle cut, throttle lock, speed up

If the warning continues even the related switch is set OFF, probably it is because some programs mixed by one switch and status OFF reversed. Now you need to set mixing alarm again by DIAL.

3. Throttle down alarm

When the transmitter alarms THR POSITION, rotate PUSH to stop the alarm. It is mainly for reminding the user to keep the throttle at the lowest position to operate safely. If the user want to turn off the alarm, go to basic menu- SYSTEM. Set TH-DOWN to OFF.

1.3 Receiver

1.3.1 Compatible Receivers

AT9S Pro is a 10 channels transmitter, support 2.4G DSSS and FHSS dual hybrid spread spectrum, 16 channels pseudo random frequency hopping.

AT9S Pro sells with receiver R9DS.

R9DS is a 9 channels receiver when working with PWM signal(red LED), it will a 10 channels receiver when working with S-BUS signal(purple/blue LED). 

Besides R9DS, AT9S Pro is also compatible with Radiolink R6DS, R10DS, R12DS and super mini 10 channels receiver R6DSM and 12 channels mini dual antenna receiver R12DSM.

R6DS, is a 6 channels receiver when working with PWM signal while it is a 10 channels receiver when working with SBUS or PPM signal.

R12DS, is a 11 channels receiver when working with PWM signal while it is a 12 channels receiver when working with SBUS signal.

Note AT9S Pro is default 10 channels, you can upgrade it to 12 channels with USB cable. You have to setup AT9S Pro to 12 channels first if you use 12 channels receivers R12DS or R12DSM while you have to setup AT9S Pro back to 10 channels when you use 10 channels receiver R6DS, R6DSM and R10DS.

To setup to 12 channels: power on your AT9S Pro--Press Mode button one second into BASIC MENU--into SYSTEM menu--change CH-SELECT from 10CH to 12CH.

Since RadioLink radio control systems are not open source, RadioLink transmitters are just compatible with RadioLink receivers and vice versa.

When AT9S Pro is connected with TBS Crossfire TX, it only supports crossfire receiver.

1.3.2 Two signal working modes of R9DS

There are two signal working modes, PWM and SBUS&PWM signal output. Short press ID SET twice within 1s, the working mode will change.The RED led indicates the PWM output and BLUE/PURPLE led indicates SBUS signal.

(1) PWM signal output working mode：RED led indicates PWM signal output, 9 channels totally

(2) SBUS&PWM dual signal output working mode: blue/purple LED indicates SBUS&PWM signal output at the same time with 10 channels totally. CH9 outputs SBUS signal while the original CH1 outputs CH3 PWM signal and original CH2 to CH6 output CH6 to CH10 PWM signal at the same time.

1.3.3 The connection of the receiver

Dupontthread is used to connect the receiver. The common color is white/red/black or yellow/red/brown. The signal wire is light color, while the ground wire is dark color. The three wires are corresponding to . When connecting with the servo wires, the signal wire is upward and the ground wire is downward.

Note: All RadioLink receivers are designed with Anti-polarity connect protection. When the connection of the servo wires are reversed, the receiver will stop working and it won’t be damaged. But when connecting the servo at this time, the servo may be damaged.

The below chart is to introduce the default output channel of the receiver when setting different models. Take acrobatic as an example.

The connection between the receiver and the model voltage telemetry module

How to connect PRM-01with the receiver

PRM-01 shows real-time model Voltage. When the voltage is low, the transmitter will vibrate with beep sound. And there is text prompt on the screen. The flight will be safer.

PRM-03 Real-time OSD information telemetry module

Real-time model data allows users to receive crucial information on the model's systems. With flight module PRM-03 and flight controller PIXHAWK/Mini Pix/TURBO PiX, model voltage, speed, climb, throttle, longitude, latitude, altitude, GPS, RSSI, flight mode, yaw, roll, pitch, and distance are display on the transmitter screen.

Telemetry modules are sold separately. You can enter the Aliexpress Official Store to purchase. Or login to the RadioLink official website for product details.

1.3.4 Binding

Each transmitter has an individually assigned, unique ID code. Receiver should bind to transmitter before starting operation. Once binding is complete, the ID code will be stored in the receiver and no further binding is necessary unless the receiver is used with another transmitter. When you purchase a new R9DS, this procedure is necessary; otherwise the receiver will not work.

1. Put the transmitter and the receiver close to each other about 50 centimeters.(much too close distance may cause signal jamming)

2. Power on AT9S Pro and receiver R9DS.

3. Turn on AT9S Pro and it will automatically bind with the closest receiver. Turn on AT9S Pro. Long press ID SET,which is on the side of receiver for more than 1 second and release until the RED/PURPLE LED flashes. When the LED stops flashing and is always on , binding is complete.

4. at the top of the screen means it hasn’t finished binding or the failure of binding. Bind again until you see . at the top of the screen.

Please note: Since RadioLink radio control systems are not open source, RadioLink transmitters are ONLY compatible with RadioLink receivers. When the transmitter connect with TBS Crossfire TX, it supports crossfire receiver.

1.3.5 Installment of antenna

Installment of antenna

Receiver Antenna Installment

1. Keep antennas as straight as possible, or the effective control range will reduce.
2. Big models may contain metal parts that influence signal emission. In this case, antennas should be positioned at both sides of the model to ensure the best signal status in all circumstances.
3. Antennas should be kept away from metal conductor and carbon fiber at least half inch away and no over bending.
4. Keep antennas away from motor, ESC or other possible interference sources.
5. Press and hold the ID SET for more than one second and receivers will start to work with the RED LED on.

Note Receiver contains some electronic components of high-precision. Be careful to avoid strong vibration and high temperature.

When all the above steps are complete, please turn off the transmitter and repower on to test if the receiver is correctly connected with it.

Transmitter Antenna Installment

1、The transmitter antenna is adjustable so please make sure that the antenna never points directly at the model when flying as this may possibly decrease the receiver signal.

2、Keep the antenna perpendicular to the transmitter to optimize the receiver performance. It also depends on how you hold the transmitter. But in most cases, adjusting the antenna with perpendicular position to the transmitter surface will achieve the best result. Please adjust the transmitter antenna according to the way you hold the transmitter.

3、Never grip the antenna when flying as this degrades= effective control range.

1.3.6 RSSI testing

Before flight, always remember to do the RSSI testing to avoid the possible unexpected signal loss. Power on transmitter and receiver, keep them with the distance of about 30 centimeters and both antennas straight.

Enter the parameter setup menu by press MODE one second, you can check the RSSI in RECEIVE.

The RSSI is 0 to 30dBm is normal when the transmitter is apart about 30 centimeters from the receiver, the signal is more better the RSSI data is more close to 0.

1.4 Connection with TBS Crossfire TX

1、Power on the transmitter- Long press the Mode key to enter the BASIC MENU->Rotate the Scroll Dial to highlight the SYSTEM option and depress the Enter key->Select the OUT and change the output as CRSF

Note：The setting is to define the signal output of the simulator port at the back of AT9S Pro. If the simulator or trainer cord to connect, there are other output options as SBUS and PPM.

2、Connect TBS crossfire transmitter with the CRSF cable to the simulator port at the back of AT9S Pro.

3、After the binding of TBS Crossfire TX and receiver, check if there is“CRSF”next to the signal tower at the screen, which means TBS Crossfire TX can work properly.

The detailed steps please refer to the video tutorial https://youtu.be/g_mfHdeEQCo

Note: The compatibility function with TBS Crossfire TX is only available in AT9S Pro, which CANNOT be upgraded from AT9S directly.

PART 2. BASIC FUNCTION OF AT9S Pro

The BASIC menu is suitable for all type models, including airplane, helicopter, glider, MULTIROTOR, cars and boats. Please go to PART 3 for advance menu.

2.1 PARAMETER

In PARAMETER, you can set LANGUAGE, STK-MODE, RF-MODE, BACKLIGHT, USER NAME, TX-ALARM, RX-ALARM, EXT-ALARM, LockScreen and sound. You can also check the firmware version. If you need to download the latest firmware, please click the link here: www.radiolink.com/at9spro_firmwares

Display language: can be selected the display language of the function name, etc. in each function menu. The screen reads "LANGUAGE". Change this to the desired language. Go to BASIC MENU- PARAMETER- LANGUAGE to select.

RF Mode: includes on and off. The LED indicator will become solid green when RF Mode is active. Set RF mode to OFF to save energy when using the simulator. Set RF mode to on when operating the model.

BLACKLIGHT: change number to adjust the intensity of the backlight. 20 indicates the brightest scrren. 0 indicates the darkest screen.

USER NAME: user name can be set by DIAL and PUSH with letters and numbers.

Alarming voltage

TX-ALARM: The minimum voltage alarm of transmitter. It can be self-set. When it is below the minimum voltage, the transmitter will vibrate and sound the alarm. The recommended voltage is 7.4V for 2S lithiumbattery, 11.1V for 3S lithiumbattery, 14.8V for 4S lithiumbattery.preset 8.6V.

RX-ALARM: The minimum voltage alarm of receiver. It can be self-set. When it is below the minimum voltage, the transmitter will vibrate and sound the alarm.

EXT-ALARM: The minimum voltage alarm of Telemetry module. It can be self-set. When it is below the minimum voltage, the transmitter will vibrate and sound the alarm.

Note: the RX-ALARM is only available when the transmitter connects to PRM-01 or PRM-03 Telemetry module. Telemetry module sold separately. You can enter the Aliexpress Official Store to purchase. Or login to the Radiolink official website for product details.

Stick Mode: The screen reads "STK-MODE". Change this to the correct mode. Note that this will NOT change the throttle and elevator ratchets, etc. Those are mechanical changes that must be done by a service center.

There are 5 stick models.

LockScreen: It can be set to OFF or “1s-254s”, When it is set to “1s-254s”, the screen will be locked if there is no operation in this time period. The setting is to avoid wrong operation during flight. Long press push button for 1 second to unlock the screen.

Sound: When it is on, there is sound when setting the function or alarming. When it is off, there is no sound.

2.2 Model Select

Model submenu: includes three function that manage model memory: MODEL SELECT,MODELCOPY and MODEL NAME. Since these functions are related, and all basic features are used with most models, they are together in the Model submenu.

Totally there are 15 models stored in the system, followed by model name and plane type to use on tap, thus you don’t need to set every time for different plane. MODEL NAME, MODEL TYPE and transmitter voltage. Make sure that MODEL TYPE is accomplished with your plane type before flight. Or it will cause error in servo and rudder.

Select

Press Push button to choose the model you want. Long press push button to confirm and press End button to come back to the menu.

Caution: Do not switch the model when the model is powered on. Disconnect power supply of the model when switching model. After selecting model, enter the basic menu-Reverse. Set the throttle to reverse.

COPY

Save the present data as another model type, it will be displayed by shadow area to differ from. When this copy start, the object data will be fully covered including name, type and module type, and cannot recover.

Caution: when you save the present model type as another, all related data will be copied including the original model name. Accordingly, if you want to change the model type, the whole data need to reset, also for model name. The first thing to copy is to change the model type or delete the original name and rename a new model to avoid confusion.

Model Name

This is used to set the present model name. Name all model to identify each other, and fast select the model type and reduce possible crash by wrong model type using.

Format to name a model:

•the name can be more than 9 characters

•every character can be letter, number, blank or special characters

•factory setting name MODEL-XXXX will be shown as (example model 1 display MODEL-0001)

COPY→PC

Turn on the function when you need to copy the data of the model to computer to avoid data reset. Connect the transmitter with computer and use the RadioLink official app to copy the data.

2.3 Model Type

Model Type is to select models, reset and some other functions.

Data reset

All set data can be reset to factory setting. This function will not delete all model type set in the radio.

Setup step:

Enter the basic menu for MODEL TYPE, use dial to choose a proper type and press PUSH for one second, when the screen displays “are you sure”, press PUSH and the radio will beep, and it is set to factory data.

Caution: don’t power the radio off before setting is finished, or the setting is invalid. The reset is only for this type. If you want to reset all settings, you need to reset every type.

Type

You can choose the suitable type according to your model, including helicopter, acrobasic, glid(2A+1F), glid(2A+2F), multirotor, car and boat.

Setup step:

Enter the basic menu for TYPE, use dial to choose a proper type and press PUSH for one second, when the screen displays “are you sure”, press PUSH.

Different models have different advantages. For example:

Fixed wing models: idle down、throttle shut、throttle needle mix,snap roll etc.

Glider: different tail type, 5 individual flight conditions etc.

Car: A.B.S. etc.

You can choose the suitable models to get different functions.

2.4 End Point (also called EPA)

EPA is set to to end points of each servo. Users can adjust it from 0% (no servo movement at all) to 140%. Reducing the percentage settings reduces the total servo throw in that direction. Increasing the percentage settings increases the total servo throw in that direction.

The most flexible version of travel adjustment is available. It independently adjusts each end of each individual servo’s travel, rather than one setting for the servo affecting both directions. Again, for CCPM helicopters, be sure to see SWASH AFR prior to adjusting end points.

Adjustability:

• Can set each direction independently.

• Ranges from 0% (no servo movement at all) to 140%. At a 100% setting, the

Throw of the servo is approximately 40°for channels 1-4 and approximately 55°for channels 5-8.

• Reducing the percentage settings reduces the total servo throw in that direction.

Examples:

• Adjust the throttle high end to avoid binding at the carburetor, and low end to allow for proper carburetor closure.

• END POINT may be adjusted to 0 to keep a servo from moving one direction, such as flaps not intended to also operate as spoilers.

• Retract servos are not proportional. Changing END POINT will not adjust the servo.

END POINT adjusts only the individual servo. It will have no effect on any other servo that is operated in conjunction with this servo via mix or preset programming such as FLAPERON, AILEVATOR, etc. This is so that each individual servo can be carefully fine-turn to avoid binding and other conflicts. To adjust the total travel of a function such as FLAPERON, make the adjustments in that function's controls. For CCPM helicopters, adjust the total travel of the function, such as collective pitch, in SWASH AFR. Adjust the linkage or the END POINT? It is nearly always best to adjust your linkages to get as close as possible prior to utilizing END POINT. The higher the END POINT setting, the better position accuracy and the more servo power available at nearly any position (except if using digital servos). Higher END POINT values also mean longer travel time to reach the desired position, as you are utilizing more of the servo's total travel. (For example, using 50% END POINT would give you only half the steps of servo travel, meaning every click of trim has twice the effect and the servo gets there in half the time). End point (and moving the linkage) = torque, accuracy, but transit time to get there.

• END POINT (instead of adjusting linkages) = travel time, but torque, accuracy.

Engine idle management: IDLE-DOWN and THR-CUT: functions which work with the digital THROTTLE TRIM to provide a simple, consistent means of engine operation. No more fussing with getting trim in just the right spot for landings or take offs! For additional engine adjustments, see THROTTLE-NEEDLE and THROTTLE DELAY.

2.5 SUB TRIM

SUB-TRIM: makes small changes or corrections to the neutral position of each servo. Range is -120 to +120, with 0 setting, the default, being no SUB-TRIM.

We recommend that you center the digital trims before making SUB-TRIM changes, and that you try to keep all of the SUB-TRIM values as small as possible. Otherwise, when the SUB-TRIM is of large values, the servo's range of travel is restricted on one side.

The recommended procedure is as follows:

• Measure and record the desired surface position;

• Zero out both the trims (TRIM RESET menu) and the SUB-TRIM (this menu);

• Mount servo arms and linkages so that the control surface’s neutral is as correct as possible; and

• use a small amount of SUB-TRIM to make fine corrections.

2.6 Servo Reversing (REVERSE)

Changes the direction an individual servo responds to a CONTROL STICK motion.

Except with CCPM helicopters, always complete your servo reversing prior to any other programming. If you use pre-built ACRO/ GLID functions that control multiple servos, such as FLAPERON or V-TAIL, it may be confusing to tell whether the servo needs to be reversed or a setting in the function needs to be reversed. See the instructions for each specialized function for further details.

Always check servo direction prior to every flight as an additional precaution to confirm proper model memory, hook ups, and radio functions.

Caution: Always make sure servo of throttle in channel 3 is reverse and then charge the model. Do not change the model type when it is charging. It may cause serious consequences if the throttle is not reverse.

Servo reversing

2.7 Dual rates and exponential (D/R,EXP)

Dual/Triple Rates: reduce/increase the servo travel by flipping a switch, or (ACRO􀀒GLID) they can be engaged by any stick position. Dual rates affect the control listed, such as aileron, not just a single (ex: channel 1) servo. For example, adjusting aileron dual rate will affect both aileron servos when using FLAPERON or AIL-DIF, and both aileron and elevator servos’ travel when using AILEVATOR or ELEVON or a CCPM helicopter.

Activation:

• Any SWITCH, A-H. If you choose a 3-position switch, then that dual rate instantly becomes a triple rate.

• The glider programming offers you the choice of Condition. This option allows you to have a separate rate for each of condition. (GLID)

• Stick position (ACRO􀀒GLID). (Ex: On rudder you normally use only the center 3/4 of the stick movement except for extreme maneuvers such as snaps/spins/stalls. As long as your RUDDER STICK does not exceed 90% (ie. stall turn), the rudder goes to high rate's 90%, which is a MUCH higher amount of travel than your low rate at 89%)

Adjustability:

• Range: 0 - 140% (0 setting would deactivate the control completely.) Initial value=100%

• Adjustable for each direction (ACRO/ GLID)

(i.e. Up/down, left/right) (Ex: Most models fly upright without any elevator trim, but require some down elevator when inverted just to maintain level flight. By increasing the down travel by the amount required to hold the model inverted, the model now has equal travel available from level upright or level inverted.

Only if any stick is chosen by the item of "SW1", a switch can also be chosen by the item of "SW2." When operated simultaneously, the switch operation has priority over the stick operation. (ACRO)

Exponential:

Change the response curve of the servos relative to the stick position to make fly more pleasant. You can make the servo movement less or more sensitive around neutral for rudder, aileron, elevator, and throttle (except HELI type use THROTTLE CURVE instead). (ACRO type throttle EXP and THROTTLE CURVE can not be activated simultaneously). Many models require a large amount of travel to perform their best tricks.

However, without exponential, they are touchy around neutral, making them unpleasant to fly and making small corrections very difficult. Additionally, by setting different exponentials for each rate, you can make the effectiveness of small corrections similar in each rate, as in our example below:

The best way to understand exponential is to try it:

• Having made no changes yet in the D/R, EXP screen, move SWITCH D to DOWN (toward the AILERON STICK).

• Move SWITCH D up. Hold the AILERON STICK at 1/4 sticks and moves SWITCH D down.

• Notice how much less travel there is.

• Go to 3/4 stick and repeat. Notice how the travel is much closer, if not identical.

Adjustability:

• More sensitive around neutral. (Positive exponential)

• Less sensitive around neutral. (Negative exponential)

• Adjustable for each direction. (ACRO/GLID)

For throttle, exponential is applied at the low end to help nitro and gasoline engines have a linear throttle response, so that each 1/4 stick increases engine RPM 25% of the available range. (In most engines this ranges from 5-60%)

Special note for helicopters: Helicopter model types have just a single rate for each switch position rather than a rate for each side of the servo's travel per switch position. Additionally, setting the D/R, EXP for each switch position requires cursor back to the No. setting and changing the switch position here. Just flipping the switch does not affect the screen setting, allowing dual rates to be assigned with idle-up and other features on certain switches, and does not require putting the model in that condition to make modifications.

Special note for conditions: The helicopter and glider programming offers you the choice of COND. This option allows you to have a separate rate for each of the 3 controls automatically selected when changing conditions, for a total of FIVE rates available. Simply change the switch choice to COND. and then:

(HELI) press the CURSOR LEVER to toggle through the 5 conditions while setting the rates.

(GLID) activate the corresponding condition to edit the rates.

2.8 MOTOR CUT (Throttle Cut)

ACROBASIC

MOTOR CUT/Throttle cut (THR-CUT) (ACRO/HELI): provides an easy way to stop the engine by flipping a switch (with THROTTLE STICK at idle). The movement is largest at idle and disappears at high throttle to avoid accidental dead sticks. In HELI, there is an additional setting.

The switch's location and direction must be chosen. It defaults to NULL to avoid accidentally assigning it to a switch, which might result in an unintentional dead stick in flight.

* Also LOGIC SW(Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

** Normally, a setting of 10-20% is sufficient. Viewing the carburetor barrel until it fully closes is adequate to get an approximate setting; then test with engine running to confirm.

GLIDER

Provides an easy way to stop the engine by flipping a switch no matter where the air brake stick is. The movement of servo will be -30%. Now you must select switch position and direction. Factory setting the position is NULL to avoid an accident setting on a switch to cause glitches during flight.

Adjustability:

• Range: -30% to +30%. Movement of servo is 0%, air brake stick is on its min and -30% on the max.

• SWA-H and logic switch Ls1-3 is selectable

• All position is available for logic switch including NULL (usually MIX OFF), you can set MIX by different position of a switch (UP & CEN, CEN & DN) and also NORM, REV.

HELICOPTER

This function is used to stop engine after flight is finished. You can set engine powered on/ off, without shifting trim stick to power off and set again every time before flight. Throttle shut for helicopter includes THR ON/ OFF (position above idle down). Before resetting throttle cut, throttle stick must keep below setting point to avoid a sudden speeding up.

Notification: trigger point setting step: under the menu THR CUT, choose THRO by DIAL, and press PUSH and move the throttle stick to trigger point, then press and hold PUSH one second to save. This function only when the throttle stick moves below trigger point.

2.9 IDLE DOWN (ACRO only)

Lowers the engine idle for: set for sitting on the runway prior to take off, stalls and spins, and landings. The normal idle setting is a little higher for easier starts and safe flights with less risk of dead sticks.

Important note: The IDLE-DOWN function is not normally used when starting the engine, and its accidental operation may keep your engine from starting. The AT9 warns that IDLE-DOWN is on when the transmitter is turned on. Be sure to turn off the function, or override the warning by pressing CURSOR lever if you intended the function to be on.

This may be assigned to any switch/position. Some modelers accidentally assign IDLE-DOWN to one side of a switch and THR-CUT to the other. There is no "normal" setting to start the engine. By default IDLE-DOWN is get to SWITCH C center and down. This works well with THR-CUT also on SWITCH C down. The SWITCH C up is normal flight/starting, center for slower maneuvers/landing, and down to cut the engine. If you assign IDLE-DOWN or THR-CUT to the spring-loaded TRAINER SWITCH H or F, then use the trainer function, you

may risk loss of throttle control or dead stick for your student.

*Normally a value of 10- 20%. Secure the fuselage, engine running. Set the THROTTLE STICK to idle. Adjust the IDLE-DOWN switch ON and OFF until the desired idle is achieved. Be sure to throttle up periodically to allow the engine to “clean out” and idle reliably.

*Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

2.10 TRIM

TRIM submenu: resets and adjust effectiveness of digital trims.

The AT9 has digital trims which are different from conventional mechanical trim sliders. Each TRIM LEVER is actually a two-direction switch. Each time the TRIM LEVER is pressed, the trim is changed a selected amount. The amount defaults to 4. When you hold the TRIM LEVER, the trim speed will increase. The current trim position is graphically displayed on the start up screen. The TRIM submenu includes two functions that are used to manage the trim options.

Trim reset (RESET): Electronically centers the trims to their default values. Note that the SUB-TRIM settings and the trim STEP rate are not reset by this command.

Trim step (STEP): changes the rate at which the trim moves when the TRIM LEVER is activated. It may be set from 1 to 40 units, depending on the characteristics of the MULTIROTOR. Most ordinary MULTIROTOR do well at about 2 to 10 units. Generally larger trim steps are for models with large control throws or for first flights to ensure sufficient trim to properly correct the model. Smaller trim steps are later used to allow very fine adjustments in flight.

HELI models only: OFFSET is available in the idle ups. If OFFSET is inhibited, adjustment of the TRIM LEVERS will adjust the trims for all flight conditions. If OFFSET is active, then moving the trims within any one condition will affect only that condition.

2.11 Fail Safe (F/S)

(loss of clean signal and low receiver battery) submenu (F/S): sets responses in case of loss of signal or low Rx Battery.

Adjustability:

•Each channel may be set independently.

• The NOR (normal) setting holds the servo in its last commanded position.

• The F/S (Failsafe) function moves each servo to a predetermined position.

• NOTE: the setting of the throttle's F/S also applies to the Battery F/S.

• The F/S is used in certain competitions to spin the MULTIROTOR to the ground prior to flying away and doing potential damage elsewhere. Conversely, may also be used to go to neutral on all servos, hopefully keeping the plane flying as long as possible.

• Competition modelers often maintain the NOR function so that brief interference will not affect their model's maneuver.

• Set the throttle channel so that the engine idles when there is interference (ACRO). This may give enough time to fly away from and recover from the radio interference and minimize damage if crashed.

• For helicopters, NOR is typically the safest choice.

•We also recommend setting a gasoline engine's electronic kill switch to the OFF position in the F/S function for safety reasons.

If you specify a F/S setting, the Failsafe data is automatically transmitted once each two minutes. (PCM) When you choose the F/S mode, check that your settings are as desired by turning off the transmitter power switch and verifying that the servos move to the settings that you chose. Be sure to wait at least two minutes after changing the setting and turning on the receiver power before turning off the transmitter to confirm your changes have been transmitted.

2.12 Auxiliary Channel (AUX-CH)

Auxiliary channel: The auxiliary channel switch is used to do some auxiliary functions, such as opening or closing the throwing chamber, opening or closing the control machine that releases smoke, etc. Each auxiliary channel can be customized with any switch, slider or knob to control (The slider knob is usually used in the pan/tilt camera), or multiple channels can be set on the same switch, slider or knob, and the setting effect can be viewed on the'rudder amount display' interface of the remote control.

Vehicle and ship models generally have 2 basic channels, and airplane models generally have 4 basic channels. All channels except for the basic channels of the remote control are auxiliary channels.

AT9S Pro can not only customize the auxiliary channels, but also customize the 4 basic channels to meet the personalized needs of model friends to a greater extent. The specific setting methods are as follows:

Long press the Mode button for 1 second to enter the basic menu, turn the PUSH button to select 'System Settings', tap the Push button for 1 second to enter the 'System Settings' menu, then select the' Joystick Mode' to "—", tap End once Key to return to the basic menu interface, and then use the PUSH key to select "auxiliary channel" to see the following interface.

Related channels:

GYRO SENSE (ACRO): CH. 5, 7, or 8

GYRO SENSE (HELI): CH. 5

GOVERNOR (HELI): CH. 7, or CH. 7 and 8

THR-NEEDLE (ACRO􀀒HELI): CH. 8

Remember that if you assign primary control of a channel to a switch which you later use for other functions (like dual/triple rates or air brakes), every time you use that other function you will also be moving the auxiliary channel.

GOVERNOR (HELI): ch. 7, or ch. 7 and 8

Note: 1. When you move one switch, but there are movements in 2 channels, please check if you have set the same switch for two channels.

2. If the function such as gyro sense, throttle-needle is turned on, the switch for the auxiliary channel is invalid.

3. The default channel of AT9S Pro is 10CH. If you use it with 12 channel receiver, pleased change the channel to 12CH.

4. SwA—SwH: 2 position or 3 position switch in the transmitter.

VrA—VrD: two knobs and slide bars

STK1—STK4: the four sticks in the transmitter. STK1 means the right stick, left and right. STK2: the left stick, up and down. STK3: right stick, up and down. STK4: left stick, left and right.

Null means the channel is invalid.

Ls1—Ls3: logic switch

RSSI: The channel can transfer RSSI to flight controller individually. You can set channel 5 to channel 12 to transmit RSSI.

2.13 TIMER

Controls three electronic clocks used to keep track of time remaining in a competition time allowed, flying time on a tank of fuel, amount of time on a battery, etc.

Adjustability:

• Count down timer: starts from the chosen time, displays time remaining. If the time is exceeded, it continues to count below 0.

• Count up timer: starts at 0 and displays the elapsed time up to 99 minutes 59 seconds.

• Count down timer (Stop type): starts from the chosen time, displays time remaining, and stops at 0.

• Model timer: cumulates ON time up to 99 hours 59 minutes each model. Once Model timer function is turned off, the cumulate time will also be reset to "0:00".

• Independent to each model, and automatically updates with model change.

• In either TIMER mode, during the last twenty seconds, there's a beep each second. During the last ten seconds, there's two beeps each second. A long tone is emitted when the time selected is reached. (UP/DOWN TIMER)

• To Reset, choose the desired timer with the CURSOR lever (while at the startup screen), then press and hold DIAL for 1 second.

• Activation by either direction of SWITCH A-H, by THROTTLE STICK (STK-THR) (Using the THROTTLE STICK is convenient if you are keeping track of fuel remaining, or for an electric, how much battery is left), by LOGIC SWITCH Lsw1-Lsw3 or by the power SWITCH (PWR SW).

• Also the reset switch can be assigned (SWITCH A-H or LOGIC SWITCH Lsw1-Lsw3)

2.14 TRAINER

For training novice pilots with optional trainer cord connecting 2 transmitters. The instructor has several levels of control.

Mode: Hold/Trigger

Hold: Keep pushing the trainer switch (SWH) to make the drone controlled by instructor transmitter. If you loosen the SWH, it will switch to be controlled by student transmitter.

Trigger: Push the trainer switch(SWH) once to make the drone controlled by instructor transmitter. Push the trainer switch(SWH) once again to make the drone controlled by student transmitter.

Adjustability:

• NORM: When the TRAINER SWITCH is ON, the channel set to this mode can be controlled by the student. The set channel is controlled according to any programming set at the student's transmitter.

• FUNC: When the TRAINER SWITCH is ON, the channel set to this mode can be controlled by the student, controlled according to any mixing set at the instructor's transmitter.

• MIX: When the TRAINER SWITCH is ON, the channel set to this mode can be controlled by both the student and the instructor, controlled according to any mixing set at the instructor's transmitter. And the student's mixing rate is adjustable. (Default 30%)

[Note] However, it becomes invalid even if it sets up the channel which is not in a student's transmitter. The channel serves as operation by the instructor's transmitter automatically.

• OFF: The channel set to this mode cannot be controlled by the student even when the TRAINER SWITCH is ON. The set channel is controlled by the instructor only, even when the TRAINER SWITCH is ON.

• SWITCH: controlled by spring-loaded SWITCH H only. Not assignable.

• Compatibility: The AT9S Pro may be master or student with any Radiolink transmitter compatible with the cord. Simply plug the optional trainer cord (For AT9S Pro series, sold separately) into the trainer connection on each transmitter, and follow the guidelines below.

EXAMPLES:

•When throttle/collective is set to FUNG, 5-channel helicopter practice is possible with a 4-channel transmitter.

• Set up the model in a second transmitter, use NORM mode to quickly and safely check proper operation of all functions, and then allow the student radio to fully fly the model.

• Using NORM mode, set lower throws, different exponentials, even different auxiliary channel settings on the student radio (if it has these features).

• To ease the learning curve, elevator and aileron may be set to the NORM or FUNC mode, with the other channels set to OFF and controlled by the instructor.

NOTE:

• NEVER turn on the student transmitter power.

•ALWAYS set the student transmitter modulation mode to PPM.

• BE SURE that the student and instructor transmitters have identical trim settings and control motions. Verify by switching back and forth while moving the control sticks.

• FULLY extend the instructor's antenna. Collapse the student's antenna. (Except 2.4GHz)

• When the TRAINER function is active, the snap roll function is deactivated. Other functions, such as IDLE-DOWN and THR-CUT, which have been assigned to the same switch, are not deactivated. Always double check your function assignments prior to utilizing the TRAINER function.

•When you select a different model, the TRAINER function is deactivated in the current model for safety reasons.

2.15 Logic Switch Selection (LOGIC SW)

The various functions in the AT9S Pro can be selected by switch..

The Logic switch can be assigned to the functions as following: THR-CUT, IDLE DOWN, AUX-CH, TIMER, PROG. MIX, AIRBRAKE, ELEV-FLAP, and AILE-FLAP. The logic switch can activate functions by two switches combination. The 2 types of logic, either AND or OR, can be selected.

Adjustability:

• Three logic switches can be used. (LSW1, LSW2, and LSW3 )

• SW (1): Any SWICH A-H or THRSTKS, SW (2): Any SWICH A-H

• Switch position (POSI)

• Logic mode: AND or OR (MODE)

2.16 SERVO

Displays radio's output to channels 1-12(defualt 10 channels, you can upgrade firmware to 12 channels)

The servo submenu includes two features:

• Real-time bar-graph display to demonstrate exactly what commands the transmitter is sending to the servos. (This can be particularly handy in setting up models with complicated mixing functions, because the results of each stick, lever, knob, switch input and delay circuit may be immediately seen.)

• Servo cycle function to help locate servo problems prior to in-flight failures. (Channels 1-8)

2.17 TELEMETRY

Signal strength and receiver voltage integrated into the radio transmitter. It is displayed as the following configure, also it is in the sub menu RECEIVE.

Receiver voltage is shown as RX,

External voltage is shown as EXT.

Find telemetry information: under BASIC MENU, select RECEIVE, presses PUSH to enter, you can find the telemetry info, shown as below. RX is receiver voltage, EXT is external voltage. Also temperature and engine speed (EXT, TEMPERATURE, RPM, and GPS all need telemetry sensor).

RSSI is signal strength, NULL is for no signal, and 0 is for max.

Connection of telemetry sensor: sensor of EXT, TEMPERATURE, RPM, GPS can connect one by one with the receiver port DATA.

Connection between R9DS and telemetry module PRM-01(pic below on left)

Connection between R9DS and OSD telemetry module PRM-03 with PIXHAWK (pic below on right).

2.18 SYSTEM SETTING

TX-TRIM/ RX-TRIM/ EXT-TRIM: When the telemetry voltage is different from the real voltage, adjust them to the same. The range of adjustment is from -1.0V to +1.0V.

SHUTDOWN: Set a clock to remind turning off the transmitter. When it is at setting time, the transmitter will vibrate and beep. Press Push to turn off the alarm.

BACKCOLOR: There are black and white.

RSSI-ALM: RSSI is the telemetry signal. It’s best to get close to 0. Users can set RSSI alarm when remote flight. Set it off to turn off the alarm.

THR-CENT: Normally, the throttle stick won’t go back to central position. Users can set it on if it’s hard to find the central position for throttle. If the sound of the transmitter is on, there is vibration and sound when the throttle stick is in central position. If the sound of the transmitter is off, there is only vibration when the throttle stick is in central position. So the sound is recommended when THR-CENT is on.

CH-SELECT: It defaults to 10CH. When using 12CH receiver such as R12DS/R12DSM, set it to CH12. When using receivers which are not 12CH, set it to 10CH.

OUT: The signal output of the simulator port at the back of ATPS Pro includes CRSF/SBUS/PPM. It defaults to PPM. Set it to PPM when connecting simulator. Set CRSF when connecting TBS Crossfire transmitter. Set SBUS when connecting FPV and other devices.

TH-DOWN: When the throttle is not at the lowest position, there is TH-DOWN alarm when turning on the transmitter. Set it off to turn off the function.

PART 3. AT9S Pro ADVANCE MENU FUNCTIONS

This section will explain the functions in the advanced menu of the transmitters for different models. Before that, I will give you a brief overview of the concept of mixing. In our common models, if the autopilot (flight control) or other flight-assisting functional modules are not used, we will use the remote control to control the model by connecting the steering gear directly to the receiver. That is pure manual control. The steering gear on the model responds to the control of the remote controller. When we use one channel to control the same type of steering surface on the aircraft, we don’t need to turn on any mixing settings. For example, a single steering gear is connected to channel 1 to control the dual ailerons. When the wings and two servos are connected in parallel (Y line) to control the two ailerons of the aircraft on channel 1, there is no need for mixing settings. When the two servos are plugged into two different channels of the receiver respectively to control the two ailerons of the aircraft at the same time, and the two servos are inserted in different channels to control the two lifts of the aircraft at the same time, it is necessary to control the two channels connected to the receiver without affecting the normal operation of the basic channel. Set it up so that the same joystick can control two or more channels at the same time, to achieve mixing control.

The mixing control looks complicated, but it is the best tool to simplify the operation when used properly. When the Y wire is used for connection, the probability of poor contact or insufficient power supply in the servo wiring will greatly increase, which will reduce the safety factor of the aircraft. Using mixing to connect each servo separately to the receiver channel can solve this problem well. When the elevator uses dual steering gears, usually one forward steering gear and one reverse steering gear are used in parallel, but when the steering gear is removed and stored, it is very troublesome to distinguish which one is forward and backward when needed. At present, most of the forward steering gears on the market are forward steering gears. If mixing is used, two forward steering gears can be used to separately connect the receiver channels to control the elevators, which can save a lot of trouble.

Most of the content in this part is to introduce the mixing control function. You can choose to set up a mixing control that is more suitable for your model according to your needs.

3.1 ACRO ADVANCE FUNCTION MENU

3.1.1 Programmable MIX

AT9S Pro contains four separate linear programmable mixes. (Note that mixer #5-8’s mixing RATE are set with a 5-point curve. HELI has mixer #5-6's mixing. See CURVE MIXES

There are a variety of reasons you might want to use these mixes. A few are listed here. All of the adjustable parameters are listed below, but don’t let them scare you. For your first few times experimenting with mixes, just turn on the default mixes, adjust them how you think they need to be, then use the servo screen to check and see if you were correct. As with all functions, a sample

setup follows, step by step, to assist you.

Sample reasons to use linear programmable mixes:

• To correct bad tendencies of the MULTIROTOR (such as rolling in response to rudder input).

• To operate 2 or more servos for a single axis (such as two rudder servos).

• To automatically correct for a particular action (such as lowering elevator when flaps are lowered).

• To operate a second channel in response to movement in a first channel (such as increasing the amount of smoke oil in response to more throttle application, but only when the smoke switch is active).

• To turn off response of a primary control in certain circumstances (such as simulating one engine flaming -out on a twin, or throttle-assisted rudder turns, also with a twin).

Adjustability:

• Defaults: The 4 programmable mixes default to the most frequently used mixes for simplicity. If you want to use one of these mixes, simply select that mix number so that the master and slave servos are already selected for you.

• PROG.MIX1 aileron-to-rudder for coordinated turns

• PROG.MIX2 elevator-to-flap for tighter loops (HELI mixes default to ELEV-to-pitch.)

• PROG.MIX3 flap-to-elevator to compensate pitching with flaps (HELI mixes default to pitch-to-ELEV)

• PROG.MIX4 throttle-to-rudder ground handling compensation

•Channels available to mix: All four mixes may use any combination of CH1-8. (CH9-10 is not proportional and cannot be mixed.) Offset and dials may also be set to the master channels.

•Master: the controlling channel, the channel whose movement is followed by the slave channel.

•Another channel: Most mixes follow a control channel. (Ex: rudder-to-ailerons, 25%, no switch, corrects roll coupling.)

•Offset as master: To create an OFFSET mix, set the master as OFST. (Ex: Move FLAPERON as flaps 20% of their total throw when SWITCH C is in down position.)

• Dial as master: To directly effect one servo’s position by moving a dial, set the master as the desired dial. (Ex: create a second throttle trim on left slider.)

•Slave: the controlled channel. The channel is moved automatically in response to the movement of the master channel. The second channel is in a mix’s name (i.e. aileron-to-rudder).

•Link: Link this programmable mix with other mixes.

Ex: PMIX FLAP-ELEVATOR mixing to correct for ballooning when flaps are lowered, but model has a V-tail. Without LINK, this mix only moves CH2 elevator when flap is commanded, resulting in a dan

gerous combination of yaw and roll. With LINK ON, mixing is applied to both CH2 and CH4.

•Trim: Master’s trim affects slave. Not displayed if master is not CH 1-4, because 5-9 have no trim. Ex: two rudder servos. With TRIM OFF, rudder trim would bind the two servos. TRIM ON resolves this.

• On/off choices:

• SWITCH: Any of the positions of any of the 8 switches may be used to activate a mix. Up&Cntr, Cntr&Dn options allow the mix to be ON in 2 of the 3 positions of a 3-position SWITCH.

• NULL: No SWITCH can turn this mix OFF. This mix is active at all times.

• LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

• STK-THR: Turn on/off by THROTTLE STICK movement. Trigger point/direction are selectable. Ex: OFST-to-(gear doors) mix to open gear doors at idle, which is only active if throttle is below half.

• Rate: the percentage of the slave’s range it will move upon maximum input from the master channel. Ex: RUDDERAILERON mix, 50%. Ail range=1''. When rudder is moved full right, ailerons move 1/2''.

• Offset: Offsets the slave’s center is relative to the master. Ex: Smoke valve opens wider per throttle servo position when smoke SWITCH is ON. Smoke servo’s neutral is moved down from THROTTLE STICK center to the bottom.

Other samples:

• RUD-ELEV (ACRO GLID) mix: Compensate for pitching up or down when rudder is applied.

• AIL-RUD mix (ACRO): Coordinate turns by applying rudder automatically with aileron input. All model types.

• ELEV-PIT (HELI) mix: Compensate for the loss of lift of tilting the model

Curve Programmable Mixes (PROG.MIX5-8)(HELI: PROG.MIX5-6 ):

AT9S Pro’s ACRO/GLID programs contain four separate curve programmable mixes. HELI contains two. There are a variety of reasons you might want curve mixes. Usually a linear mix doesn't fit your needs along the whole range. One pre-programmed curve mix is the THROTTLE-NEEDLE function. This curve is adjustable at 5 points, allowing you to adjust the motor’s tuning at 5 points along its RPM range.

One programmable curve mix defaults to RUDDER-AILERON. A linear mix that keeps the model from rolling in knife-edge is probably too much aileron when rudder is applied in level flight. Create a curve mix and set all 5 points to match the linear mix. Inhibit the linear mix, and then adjust the curve to get the right response all along the rudder channel’s travel.

Adjustability:

• ACRO/GLID Defaults: The 4 programmable curves mixes default to the most frequent choices, but can be

set to any channel.

• PROG.MIX5 rudder-to-aileron for roll coupling compensation (GLID mixes default to aileron-to-ELEV.)

• PROG.MIX6 rudder-to-aileron for roll coupling compensation (GLID mixes default to aileron-to-ELEV.)

• PROG.MIX7 rudder-to-elevator for pitch coupling compensation (GLID mixes default to elevator-to-airbrake.)

• PROG.MIX8 rudder-to-elevator for pitch coupling compensation (GLID mixes default to elevator-to-airbrake.)

• HELI Defaults:

• PROG.MIX5 aileron-to-elevator for coordinated turns

• PROG.MIX6 aileron-to-elevator for coordinated turns

• Master: The controlling channel can only be a channel. Cannot OFFSET or dial.

• Trim: not available in curve mixes.

• Offset: not available in curve mixes.

3.1.2 FLAPERON (ACRO/GLID 1A+1F )

The FLAPERON mixing function uses one servo on each of the two ailerons, and uses them for both aileron and flap function. For flap effect, the ailerons raise/lower simultaneously. Of course, aileron function (moving in opposite directions) is also performed.

Note: When changing the polarity of a rate, "change rate dir?" is displayed for a check. Please set up after pressing DIAL for 1 second and canceling an alarm display. (GLID only)

Once FLAPERON is activated, any time you program CH6 or "flap" (i.e. ELEVATOR mixing), the radio commands both servos to operate as flaps. The amount of travel available as flaps is independently adjustable in FLAPERON. A trimming feature is also available (see FLAP-TRIM) to adjust both neutral positions together for straight-and-level flight or slight increases/decreases of the flap angle. END POINT and SUB-TRIM both still adjust each servo individually.

Adjustability:

• Each aileron servo up travel can be set separate from its down travel, creating aileron differential. (See example).

• Each aileron servo's travel when actuated as a flap is separately adjustable.

• AILE-2 can be utilized to use a 5-channel receiver and still have FLAPERON. NOTE: The AILE-2 function only commands the channel 5 servo to operate with the aileron servo as ailerons, and to obey the primary flap control (travel adjusted in FLAP-TRIM.) It does not provide full flap mix capability as when using a 6+ channel receiver and channel 6.

• The separate FLAPERON settings for each condition can be set. (GLID)

Note: Activating FLAPERON only makes the ailerons work as ailerons and tells the radio how far you want them to move as flaps. If you then activate other programming that moves them as flaps.

FLAP-TRIM is the flap-trimming feature that allows the flaps to move in reaction to the channel 6 control. It is meant only for trimming the flaps' center but can also be used as full flap control.

ELEVATOR-FLAP would add elevator mixing into the flap movement from the flap dial after FLAP-TRIM is activated.

* If you receive an error message that OTHER WING MIXING IS ON, you must deactivate AIL-DIFF or ELEVON.

3.1.3 FLAP-TRIM

Using FLAP-TRIM to adjust FLAPERON (ACRO/GLID)

FLAP-TRIM assigns the primary FLAPERON control [defaults to VR(A)] to allow trimming in flight of the flap action of FLAPERON.

Note: Even if FLAP-TRIM is made active with AIL-DIFF, it will not have any effect. The ONLY function that allows control of the ailerons as flaps in the AIL-DIFF configuration is AIRBRAKE. Most modelers use AIRBRAKE, or programmable mixes, to move the flaps to a specified position via movement of a switch.

FLAP-TRIM may also be used as the primary flap control in flight. By doing so, you can assign CH6 to a 3-position switch, with a "SPOILERON", neutral, and "FLAPERON" position, and even adjust the percentage traveled as FLAPERON/SPOILERON by changing the Flap Trim travel.

3.1.4 AILE DIFF (ACRO/ GLID 2A+1F/ GLID 2A+2F)

ACRO GLID (2A+1F)/GLID (2A+2F)

Aileron differential is primarily used on 3 or 4-servo wings, with one servo operating inboard flap on CH6 or CH5 & CH6, and AILE-DIFF controlling proper aileron operation of 2 aileron servos, plugged into CH1 and CH7. The ailerons can not be moved like flaps when using AILE-DIFF, except if using AIRBRAKE. (Note that even if you make FLAP-TRIM active while using AILE-DIFF, it will not have any effect. ONLY AIRBRAKE controls the ailerons as flaps in the AILE-DIFF configuration.)

Note: When changing the polarity of a rate in camber-flap, "change rate dir?" is displayed for a check. Please set up after pressing DIAL for 1 second and canceling an alarm display. (GLID only)

• FLAP function allows you to set up 1 or 2 servos for flap action.

• The separate AILE-DIFF settings for each condition can be se t. (GLID only)

* If you receive an error message that OTHER WING MIXING IS ON, you must deactivate ELEVON or FLAPERON.

3.1.5 Air Break (ACRO/ GLID)

Like FLAPERON and AILEVATOR, AIRBRAKE is one function that is really made up of a series of pre-programmed mixes all done for you within the radio. AIRBRAKE (often called "crow" or BUTTERFLY - see GLID, p. 62 for details) simultaneously moves the flap (if installed), twin ailerons (if installed) and elevator, and is usually used to make steep descents or to limit increases in airspeed in dives.

This function is often used even on models without flaps as an easy way to use the FLAPERON and FLAP-ELEVATOR mixing together.

Adjustability:

• Activation: be proportional by moving the THROTTLE STICK, or set positions by flipping the assigned switch.

• Switch: Mix SWITCH is selectable.

• Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

• Linear(Inversely proportional to THROTTLE STICK): Provides a proportional increase in amount of AIRBRAKE action as THROTTLE STICK is lowered and assigned switch is on. It provides gradually more AIRBRAKE as you slow the engine. Includes selectable stick position where AIRBRAKE begins, gradually increasing to the same setting as the THROTTLE STICK is lowered. If you would like to have the airbrake be directly proportional to throttle stick, you will

need to reverse the THR-REV function. Note that this changes the throttle stick direction for all models.

• Offset: Provide AIRBRAKE response immediately upon switch movement, going to a pre-set travel on each active channel without any means of in-flight adjustment.

• During Airbrake operation, the elevator travel is displayed on the elevator trim display in the Startup screen.

•Delayed reaction: You can suppress sudden changes in your model's attitude when AIRBRAKE􀀒BUTTERFLY is activated by setting the delay (delay-ELEV) item, to slow down the elevator response, allowing the flaps/ailerons/elevator to all reach their desired end point together. A setting of 100% slows the servo to take approximately one second to travel the prescribed distance. (GLID: B.FLY-ELEV function)

• Adjustable in flight (ACRO): Using the aileron (when AILE-DIFF or FLAPERON is activated) and elevator trim lever in flight can be set to adjust the aileron and elevator settings in your airbrake rather than adjusting the model's actual aileron and elevator trim. This allows easy adjustment for any ballooning while in flight. When the airbrake switch is moved to off the trim is again adjusting the normal elevator trim.

• Channels controlled: Elevator, twin ailerons and flap may be set independently in AIRBRAKE, including set to 0 to have no effect.

• If FLAPERON is active, the travel of the ailerons can be independently adjusted for the servos plugged into CH1 and CH6. The flap choice has no effect on the FLAPERON.

• If AIL-DIFF is active, then CH1 and CH7 may be independently adjusted.

• Normally both ailerons are raised equally in AIRBRAKE, and the elevator motion is set to maintain trim when the ailerons rise. Different amounts may be set for each aileron to correct for torque reactions and other unique characteristics of the model.

Be sure you understand what dropping ailerons will do when in AIRBRAKE BUTTERFLY. Along with creating an enormous amount of drag (desirable for spot landings), this also creates "wash-in", a higher angle of attack where the ailerons are, and encourages tip stalling.

If you are using this for aerobatic performance and not "sudden stops", consider raising the ailerons and dropping the flaps instead as shown in the diagram above.

3.1.6 ELEV-FLAP mixing (ACRO/GLID)

ELEV-FLAP mixing is the first pre-programmed mix we'll cover. This mix makes the flaps drop or rise whenever ELEVATOR STICK is moved. It is most commonly used to make tighter pylon turns or squarer corners in maneuvers. In most cases, the flaps droop (are lowered) when up elevator is commanded.

Adjustability:

• Rate: -100% (full up flap) to +100% (full down flap), with a default of +50% (one-half of the flap range is achieved when the ELEVATOR STICK is pulled to provide full up elevator.)

• Switch: Fully assignable. Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned. IF you set it to NULL, the mix does not work. (ACRO)

•Range (GLID): The range that mixing does not work near neutral of an elevator stick can be set up. Hold the stick to the desired point (upper or lower side) , then press DIAL and hold one second to set the range.

• Condition (GLID): The separate ELEV-FLAP settings for each condition can be set.

3.1.7 Dual Elevator Servos (with a rudder) (AILEVATOR) (ACRO)

Many models use two elevator servos, plugged in separate receiver

channels. (Flying wings without a separate aileron control use ELEVON.

V-shaped tail models use V-TAIL,

ADVANTAGE:

•Ability to adjust each servo's center and end points for perfectly matched

travel.

• Ease of assembly, not requiring torque rods for a single servo to drive 2

surfaces.

• Elevators acting also as ailerons for extreme stunt flying or more realistic jet flying (optional).

• Redundancy, for example in case of a servo failure or mid-air collision.

Adjustability:

• CH2 and CH8 only. (With programmable mixing, could utilize CH5 as the 2nd elevator servo.

THROTTLE-NEEDLE uses CH8 and cannot be active simultaneously).

• Direction of each servo's travel may be reversed in REVERSE or the set percentages may be reversed here.

• Elevator travels independently adjustable (both directions and percent).

•Optional action as ailerons (defaults to 50% response). This response cannot be activated/ deactivated in flight. Setting AIL1 and 2 to 0 disables this feature.

Note: if you want this, but on/off with a switch, set AIL1 and 2 to 0 here, and use 2 mixes. AIL-to-AUX2 (link/trim off, assign a switch), get aileron action from the elevator servos when the assigned switch is on.

The AILEVATOR mixing function uses one servo on each of the two elevators, and combines the elevator function with the aileron function (unless aileron travel is set to 0). For aileron effect, the elevators are raised and lowered opposite of one another in conjunction with the ailerons.’

Once AILEVATOR is activated, unless you zero out the aileron figures (see below), any time you move your ailerons or any programming moves your ailerons (i.e. RUDDER-AILERON mixing), the radio automatically commands both elevator servos to also operate as ailerons. To deactivate this action, simply set the 2 aileron travel settings to 0 in the AILEVATOR function. This way the elevators will work only as elevators.

3.1.8 Snap Rolls (ACRO)

This function allows you to execute snap rolls by flipping a switch, providing the same input every time. It also removes the need to change dual rates on the 3 channels prior to performing a snap, as SNAP-ROLL always takes the servos to the same position, regardless of dual rates, inputs held during the snap, etc.

Note: Every MULTIROTOR snaps differently due to its C.G., control throws, moments, etc. Some models snap without aileron; others snap on elevator alone. Most models snap most precisely with a combination of all 3 surfaces. Additionally, rate of speed and acceleration when using the snap switch will affect how the model snaps. For information using gyros with airplanes for cleaner precision maneuvers, such as snaps and spins without over rotation.

Adjustability:

• Travel: Adjust the amount of elevator, aileron and rudder travel automatically applied.

• Range: -120 to +120 on all 3 channels. Default is 100% of range of all 3 channels.

• Directions: Up to 4 separate snaps is fully adjustable regarding travels and direction on each of the 3 channels.

Note: for simplicity, the radio refers to snaps that use “UP” or positive elevator as “U” or “UP” snaps. This is more commonly referred to as a positive or inside snap. “D” or “DOWN” snaps are more commonly referred to as negative or outside snaps.

• R/U = Right positive R/D = Right negative L/U = Left positive L/D = Left negative snap roll.

• Assignment of the 2 switches (DIR-SW1/2) to change snap directions is fully adjustable and optional. If you wish to have only one snap, leave the switches as NULL. (If assigned, SW1=up/down, SW2=left/right)

• Safety Switch (SAFE-MOD): a safety may be set up on your landing gear SWITCH, preventing accidental snap rolls while the landing gear is down. The safety switch is turned on and off with the landing gear SWITCH.

• ON: the safety mechanism is activated when the landing gear SWITCH is in the same position as at the time this feature is changed to ON. Snap rolls will not be commanded even if the snap roll SWITCH is turned on with the gear SWITCH in this position. When the landing gear SWITCH is moved to the opposite position, snap rolls may be commanded.

• OFF: Activate the safety mechanism in the opposite position from the ON function.

• FREE: The safety mechanism is completely turned off. Snaps can be commanded regardless of the gear SWITCH POSITION.

Note: The location of the safety switch always follows channel 5. If channel 5 is reassigned to switch C, for example, switch C is now the safety. If channel 5 is null or used as the second aileron servo, the safety function will not be available.

• Trainer Safety: SNAP-ROLL is automatically disabled when the trainer function is activated.

3.1.9 V-Tail (ACRO/ GLID)

V-TAIL mixing is used with v-tail MULTIROTOR so that both elevator and rudder functions are combined for the two tail surfaces. Both elevator and rudder travel can be adjusted independently on each surface.

Note: NOTE: If V-TAIL is active, you cannot activate ELEVON or AILEVATOR functions. If one of these functions is active, an error message will be displayed and you must deactivate the last function prior to activating ELEVON.

Note: Be sure to move the elevator and rudder sticks regularly while checking the servo motions. If a large value of travel is specified, when the sticks are moved at the same time, the controls may bind or run out of travel. Decrease the travel until no binding occurs.

Adjustability:

• Requires use of CH2 and CH4.

• Independently adjustable travels allow for differences in servo travels.

• Rudder differential is not available. (To create rudder differential, set RUD1 and 2 to 0, then use two programmable mixes, RUD-ELE and RUD-RUD, setting different percents for up and down. These are your new rudder travels. Trim and link off, switch assignment null so you can’t accidentally turn off rudder.

3.1.10 ELEVON

Adjustability:

• Requires use of CH1 and CH2.

• Independently adjustable aileron travel allows aileron differential.

• Independently adjustable elevator travel allows for differences in up vs. down travel.

• The separate ELEVON settings for each condition can be set. (GLID only)

Note: When changing the polarity of a rate, "change rate dir?" is displayed for a check. Please set up after pressing DIAL for 1 second and canceling an alarm display. (GLID only)

Note: Be sure to move the elevator and aileron sticks to full deflection during setup. If large travels are specified, when the AILERON and ELEVATOR STICKS are moved at the same time the controls may bind or run out of travel.

3.1.11 Gyro Sense

The gyros have two operations modes: GY mode and STD mode.

•STD mode: This mode performs general proportional control operation. For instance, it controls the gyro so that changes are countered when the attitude of the MULTIROTOR is changed by cross-wind, etc.

•GY mode: This mode performs both proportional and integrated control operation. The difference between Normal mode and GY mode operation is that where as the Normal mode only counters changes in attitude, the GY mode returns to the original controlled variable simultaneously with countering changes in attitude. For example, during knife edge flying, aileron and elevator meeting rudder is normally necessary, but in the GY mode, meeting rudder is performed automatically by the gyro.

Adjustability:

• Plug the gyro's sensitivity adjustment to channel 5, 7, or 8 of the receiver. (Selectable)

• Full switch assignable (SWITCH A-H)

• Each rate setting may be set from 0 to NOR100% or AVC100% gain. NOR: GY mode gain. AVC: STD mode gain

• Larger percentages indicate more gain, or gyro responsiveness.

• MIX-1,2: Two surfaces' sensitivity can be adjusted independently.

GYRO GAIN Adjustability:

• When the servo hunts, the gyro gain is too high. Lower the gain until the hunting stops.

• The gyro will display best performance at a gain just before hunting occurs. Perform adjusting by flying the MULTIROTOR repeatedly.

Precaution:

• When taking off and landing, always switch to the Normal mode. Taking off and landing in the GY mode is dangerous.

•We recommend that you use the rudder control gyro in the Normal mode. In the GY mode, rudder operation is necessary when turning because the weather vane effect is lost. Use the gyro in the Normal mode unless you are an expert in rudder operation.

• And we recommend that you also set to off (0%) mode for safety as follows.

3.1.12 THR CURVE (ACRO)

This function adjusts the throttle operation curve for optimum the engine speed to throttle stick movement.

Note: If the throttle EXP function is activated, you can not use THR-CURVE function simultaneously.

Adjustability:

• Separate curves for each switch position are available.

• Moving and deleting the curve point: The curve point (-STK-) can be moved to the left or right by turning the DIAL (up to 2% in front of the adjoining point) and deleted/returned by pressing the DIAL for one second alternately.

3.1.13 THR-DELAY (ACRO)

The THR-DELAY function is used to slow the response of the throttle servo to simulate the slow response of a turbine engine. A 40% delay setting corresponds to about a one-second delay, while a 100% delay takes about eight seconds to respond. This function may also be used to create a “slowed servo” on a channel other than throttle. This is accomplished by plugging the desired servo (Ex: gear doors) into CH3 (THR), throttle into an auxiliary channel such as 8, and then using some creative mixes.

3.1.14 THROTTLE-NEEDLE mixing (ACRO/ HELI):

THROTTLE-NEEDLE is a pre-programmed mix that automatically moves an in-flight mixture servo (CH8) in response to the THROTTLE STICK inputs for perfect engine turning at all throttle settings. This function is particularly popular with contest pilots who fly in a large variety of locations, needing regular engine tuning adjustments, and requiring perfect engine response at all times and in all maneuvers. Also popular to minimize flooding at idle of inverted engine installations or installations with a high tank position. Not needed for fuel injection engines, which do this automatically.

Adjustability:

• Five-point curve allows adjustment of engine mixture at varied throttle settings.

• The in-flight mixture servo must connect to receiver CH8.

• In-flight mixture servo may also be used as a second servo for tuning a twin.

• Throttle cut feature also moves the in flight needle servo.

• The CH8 knob adjusts the high throttle mixture (may be deactivated. see AUX-CH).

• Because both use CH8, this function cannot be used simultaneously with AILEVATOR.

• An acceleration (ACCE) function (ACRO only) helps the engine compensate for sudden, large amounts of throttle input by making the mixture suddenly richer, then easing it back to the proper adjustment for that throttle setting. This function requires some adjustment to best fit your engine and your flying style. Adjust engine's response until no hesitation occurs on rapid throttle input.

• Separate curves are available (HELI only) for normal, idle-ups 1 and 2 combined, and idle-up 3. Immediately below MIX the radio displays the curve you are editing; ex: >NORML; and then which condition is currently active by your switches ex: (ID1/2). Note that you can edit the mix for a different condition without being in that condition, to allow editing without having to shut off the helicopter’s engine every time. Be sure you are editing the proper curve by checking the name after the > and not the one in parentheses.

3.1.15 ATTITUDE

Attitude is set to switch different flight modes.There are 28 models in total. The function needs to work with flight controller. After the transmitter connects with flight controller, name the model in the transmitter to match with the flight mode in the flight controller.

Channel: The attitude channel of ACRO defaults to channel 5. It can be set from channel 5-channel 10.

There are 6 different attitude modes for MULTIROTOR: NORMAL, ATTI, GPS, HOVER, F/S and AUX. Every mode will have a different rate to get a unique signal. NORMAL mode preset 0%, ATTI 50%, GPS 100%, HOVER 25%, F/S 75% and AUX 50%.

0% means a output signal 1ms, and 100% means 2ms. You can totally get 6 different modes by adjusting the related rates.

3.1.16 SERVO-DLY

The SERVO-DELAY function is used to slow the response of the servo to stimulate the slow response of a turbine engine. This function may also be used to create a “slowed servo” on every channel.

Adjustment range: 0%~100%

3.2 GLID ADVANCE MENU

Please note that nearly all of the BASIC menu functions are the same for airplane (ACRO setup), sailplane (GLID 1A+1F/ 2A+1F/ 2A+2F setups), and helicopter (HELI setups). The features that are identical refer back to the ACRO chapter. The glider BASIC menu includes MOTOR CUT and does not include IDLE-DOWN or THR-CUT.

Note: in all cases where ACRO programming labels channel 3 as throttle, GLID programming labels channel 3 as ARB (airbrake), since airbrakes are normally operated on channel 3 in gliders. This includes STK-THR reading STK-ARB.

There are the following types of GLID:

TYPE: (GLID 1A+1F), GLID (2A+1F), GLID (2A+2F)

Before doing anything else to set up a glider or sailplane, first you must decide which MODEL TYPE best fits your MULTIROTOR.

• GLID(1A+1F): The GLID (1A+1F) MODEL TYPE is intended for sailplanes with one or two aileron servos (or none), and a single flap servo (or two connected with a y-connector). This TYPE is meant to be a very simplistic version to set up a basic glider without a lot of added features. Additional flight condition is available.

• GLID (2A+1F): The GLID (2A+1F) MODEL TYPE is intended for sailplanes with dual aileron servos and a single flap servo (or two connected with a y-connector). Additional flight conditions are available. These flight conditions contain different offset trims and aileron differentials to make the sailplane perform certain maneuvers more easily.

• GLID (2A+2F): The GLID (2A+2F) MODEL TYPE supports dual flap servos that can also act as ailerons, creating full-span ailerons and flap. Additional flight conditions are available. These flight conditions contain different offset trims and aileron differentials to make the sailplane perform certain maneuvers more easily.

3.2.1 Programmable MIX

The setting of Programmable MIX of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 39 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.2 FLAPERON

The setting of FLAPERON of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 43 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.3 V-TAIL

The setting of V-TAIL of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 51 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.4 OFFSET

Additional flight conditions are available specifically for sailplanes.

These additional flight conditions contain different offset trims to make the sailplane perform certain maneuvers more easily. Aileron differential functions may be set to provide separate rates per condition selected.

Prior to setting up OFFSET, you must active the conditions and assign the switches in the CONDITION/FUNCTION.

Unnecessary fuselage motion is generated when there are sudden changes in the servo position and variations in the operating time between channels can be suppressed by using the delay function.

Note: The same delay amount for elevator and rudder is recommended when using V-tail function.

The AT9 provides 5 additional setups along with the normal flight condition. (NORMAL,

START, SPEED, DISTANCE and LANDING) These offset trims have same setting abilities basically except the switch and dial assignment. For an example of trim settings, please see the following:

Adjustability:

• Separate adjustments for each aileron, elevator, rudder and flap servo, for each condition.

• SWITCH G (AT10) or E (AT10) is programmed for NORMAL, START, and SPEED trims. SWITCH C is programmed for DISTANCE and LANDING trims. These switch/position assignment is adjustable. (CONDITION/FUNCTION)

• TRIM item (Digital trim operation mode):

NORM: normal trim operation mode.

MIX: offset rate trim operation mode while mixing is on.

• Optional assignable knob (CAMBER MIX) to allow trimming in flight of the aileron and flap action of each flight condition.

• During OFFSET operation, the aileron and elevator travels are displayed on each trim display in the Startup screen.

3.2.5 CAMBER-FLP

CAMBER FLAP assigns the primary flap control [defaults to VR (A)] to allow trimming in flight of the flap action. The up and down travel of each flap (camber flaps: FLP1/2) can be adjusted independently. Also the center position of flap servo can be offset.

Note: If FLAP-TRIM is activated, you can not use CAMBER FLAP function simultaneously.

Adjustability

• Rate: -100% to +100%, with a default of +30%

• Center position (CENTER): The operation reference point of flap can be offset. -100% to +100%, with a default of 0%.

Note: When changing the polarity of a rate, "change rate dir?" is displayed for a check. Please set up after pressing DIAL for 1 second and canceling an alarm display.

3.2.6 Camber Mixing

This function adjusts the mixing rate of camber operation which operates the wing camber (ailerons and flaps) in the negative and positive directions. The aileron, flap, and elevator rates can also be adjusted independently and attitude changes caused by camber operation can be corrected.

Also the operation reference point of camber control can be offset. (PRE)

Note: Camber control is not assigned at initial.

Adjustability:

• Rate: -100% to +100%, with a default of +30%

• Reference point (PRE): The operation reference point of camber control can be offset. -100% to +100%, with a default of 0%.

3.2.7 AILE/ RUDD MIX

You can select a pre-programmed mix which is used to mix the rudders with aileron operation or the ailerons with rudder operation.

Aileron-to-rudder mix (AILE RUDD): automatically creates a "coordinated turn".

Rudder -to-aileron mix (RUDD AILE): used to counteract undesirable roll (roll coupling) that happens with rudder input, especially in knife-edge.

Adjustability:

• RATE range of -100 to +100. Negative setting would result in opposite rudder (aileron) action from aileron (rudder).

• SWITCH A-H fully assignable. Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

• POSITION fully assignable, including NULL (mix always on) and Up&Cntr and Cntr&Dn to activate the mix in 2 separate positions of the same SWITCH.

• Condition: The separate AILE RUDD setting for each flight condition can be set.

3.2.8 ELEV-FLAP mixing

The setting of ELEV-FLAP mixing of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 48 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.9 SPOILER MIX (GLID)

Moves the spoiler by flipping the assigned switch and is used to make steep decent. SPOILER MIX works linking with BUTTERFLY MIX.

Adjustability:

• Position: -100% to +100%, with a default of -50% (off), +50% (on)

• Channel: Spoiler 1: ch8, or 3 (ch8 or 3*), Spoiler 2: NULL, or 3 (NULL or ch3*) *GLID (2A+2F) mode.

• Elevator setting: Rate: -100% to +100%, Delay: 0% to 100%

• SWITCH A-H fully assignable. Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

3.2.10 FLAP-TRIM

The setting of FLAP-TRIM of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 44 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.11 CONDITION

Channel 3's function is selectable in the ARBK-FUNC item. (Throttle stick, switches, or knobs) By choosing except STK, channel 3's function may be separated from Butterfly’s function, so channel 3 can be used for other functions.

Adjustability:

• Channel 3's function:

STK: THROTTLE STICK

Sw-A to H: SWITCH A to H

Vr-A to Vr-E: KNOB A to E

3.2.12 SERVO-DLY

The setting of SERVO-DLY of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 56 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.13 BUTTERFLY (crow) mixing

BUTTERFLY simultaneously moves the flaps, twin ailerons and elevator, and is usually used to make steep descents or to limit increases in airspeed in dives. Separate two BUTTERFLY settings are available. (CRI1/CRI2)

Adjustability:

• Activation: Get proportional by moving the THROTTLE STICK.

• Switch: Mix SWITCH is selectable. A to H: SWITCH A to H. Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned. NULL: always on.

• Inversely proportional to THROTTLE STICK: provides a proportional increase in amount of airbrake action as THROTTLE STICK is lowered (when SWITCH A (assignable) is in down position). Includes selectable stick position where airbrake begins. If you would like to have the airbrake be directly proportional to throttle stick, you will need to reverse the THR-REV function.

Note: this changes the throttle stick direction for all models.

3.2.14 B.FLY-ELEV

B.FLY-ELE works linking with BUTTERFLY function. Elevator rate is adjustable in a 3 point curve.

Point 1: PRESET point. (Fixed)

Point 2: MID point. Position and rate are adjustable.

Point 3: END point. Position and rate are adjustable.

• Delayed reaction: You can suppress sudden changes in your model's attitude when BUTTERFLY is activated by setting the delay (DELAY) item, to slow down the elevator response, allowing the flaps/ailerons/elevator to all reach their desired end point together. A setting of 100% slows the servo to take approximately one second to travel the prescribed distance.

• Channels controlled: Twin ailerons, flap and spoiler may be set independently in BUTTERFLY, including set to 0 to have no effect.

• Twin aileron servos: If AIL-DIFF function is inhibited, then AIL1 and AIL2 settings will have no effect. If AIL-DIFF is active, then CH1 and CH7 may be independently adjusted.

• Normally both ailerons are raised equally in BUTTERFLY, and the elevator motion is set to maintain trim when the ailerons rise. Different amounts may be set for each aileron to correct for torque reactions and other unique characteristics of the model.

Be sure you understand what dropping ailerons will do when in BUTTERFLY. Along with creating an enormous amount of drag (desirable for spot landings), this also creates "wash-in", a higher angle of attack where the ailerons are, and encourages tip stalling. If you are using this for aerobatic performance and not "sudden stops", consider raising the ailerons and dropping the flaps in stead as shown in the diagram above.

3.2.15 ELEVON

The setting of ELEVON of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 51 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.16 START DELAY (GLID 1A+1F only)

START DELAY automatically switch the offset trims (OFFSET) from the START condition's trims to the normal condition’s trims after proceeding the delay time (max.10sec.) which is set by the -DLY- item when activating the START condition. (It is convenient for hand launch glider.)

Note: The same delay amount for elevator and rudder is recommended when using V-tail function.

Adjustability:

• Delay time (-DLY-) range of 0 to 100%. The delay time is 10 second at 100%.

3.2.17 AILE-DIFF（2A+1F、2A+2F）

The setting of AILE-DIFF of glider is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 45 to check the detailed setting method.

3.2.18 AILE-FLAP(GLID 2A+2F only)（2A+2F）

This pre-programmed mix is used to create full span aileron action on a glider

with 4wing servos. This increases the roll rate and decreases induced drag. For normal flying, a value of about 50% is often used. For slope racing or F3B models in speed runs, you may wish to use a larger value approaching 100%.

Adjustability:

• RATE range of -100 to +100. Negative setting would result in opposite aileron action from flaps.

• SWITCH A-H fully assignable. Also LOGIC SW (Lsw1 to 3) may be assigned.

• POSITION fully assignable, including NULL (mix always on) and Up&Cntr and Cntr&Dn to activate the mix in 2 separate positions of the same SWITCH.

• Condition: The separate AILE-FLAP settings for each flight condition can be set.

3.3 HELICOPTER ADVANCE MENU FUNCTIONS

The basic menu of the helicopter is the same as that of other models. This chapter specifically describes the functions in the advanced menu of the helicopter.

In general, a typical helicopter control program includes the following:

1. Aileron: manipulate the longitudinal axis of the helicopter to tilt the swash plate left and right. (The helicopter has a tendency to roll) is controlled by channel (CH)1.

2. Elevator: manipulate the horizontal axis of the helicopter to tilt the swash plate forward and backward. (The helicopter has a tendency to bow and raise its head) is controlled by channel (CH)2.

3. Rudder: manipulate the vertical axis of the helicopter, change the angle of the tail rotor, and make the helicopter yaw left or right. It is controlled by channel (CH) 4.

4. Overall pitch: adjust the overall pitch of the main rotor (the angle of the pitch) and change the pitch of the main rotor blades. Increasing the total pitch (with throttle) and make the helicopter rise. When the throttle stick is pushed, it moves with the throttle. It is controlled by channel (CH)6.

5. Throttle: Open or close the carburetor. When the throttle stick is pushed, it moves with the total distance. It is controlled by channel (CH)3.

6. Tail rotor anti-torque mixing control: The mixing control of main propeller pitch and rudder has been added. This can compensate for the reverse rotation of the helicopter caused by the increase in the engine reverse torque. If the gyro has the head locking function, it is no longer necessary to use the tail rotor reverse torque mixing control, and the head locking gyro has been automatically corrected.

3.3.1 Programmable MIX

The setting of Programmable MIX of helicopter is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 39 to check the detailed setting method.

3.3.2 THR-CURVE and PIT-CURVE

These 7-point curves are utilized to best match the blade collective pitch to the engine RPM for consistent load on the engine. Curves are separately adjustable for normal, idle-up 1, idle-up 2, and idle-up 3. In addition, a separate collective pitch curve is available for throttle hold. Sample curves are displayed in the appropriate setup types (ex: normal flight condition) for clarity.

Suggested defaults:

• Normal: Collective pitch curve that results in points 1, 4 and 7 providing .4, +5, (+8 to +10)* degrees pitch. A throttle curve setting of 0, 25, 36, 50, 62.5, 75, 100%.

• Idle-ups 1 & 2: Idle-ups 1 and 2 are typically the same except for the gyro settings, with one being heading-hold/AVCS and the other being normal mode. The pitch curve will likely be similar to the normal curve above.

• Idle-up 3: Collective pitch curves that result in points 1, 4 and 7 providing (.8 to .10), 0, (+8 to +10) degrees. A throttle curve of 100, 75, 62.5, 50, 62.5, 75, 100 provide full throttle for inverted maneuvers.

• Throttle Hold pitch curve: Start with the normal pitch curve (for inverted autos, start from the idle-up 3 pitch curve), but increase the last point approximately 1-2°, if available, to ensure sufficient pitch at landing.

This default recommendation assumes you are doing forward flight. If you are just learning, please follow your instructor's guidance. Some instructors like a +1 base point for training so that the helicopter comes down very slowly, even if your instincts pull the throttle/collective stick to the bottom in a hurry.

Adjustability:

• Normal condition curves are editable in the BASIC menu for convenience.

• All curves may be adjusted in the ADVANCE menu.

• Automatically selected with the proper condition.

• The idle-up curves are programmed to maintain constant RPM even when the collective pitch is reduced during flight (including inverted).

• To change which condition’s curve is being edited, cursor up to

• For clarity, the name of the condition currently active (switched on in the radio) is shown in parentheses behind name of condition whose curve is being edited. (Example: see curve displays below. Note that the normal condition is active but the idle-up 1 condition’s curves are currently being edited.

• Moving and deleting the curve point: The curve point (-stk-) can be moved to the left or right by turning the DIAL (up to 2% in front of the adjoining point) and deleted/returned by pressing the DIAL for one second alternately.

• Idle-ups and throttle hold pitch curves may be edited even before the conditions have been made active. Activating their throttle curves activates these conditions.

3.3.3 GYRO SENSE

About GYRO SENSE, there are two types: STD and GY. please refer to 3.3.12, by following steps:

3.3.4 REVO MIX

This 5-point curve mix adds opposite rudder input to counteract the changes in torque when the speed and collective pitch of the blades is changed.

Adjustability:

• Three separate curves available: normal for hovering; idle-ups 1 and 2 combined; and idle-3.

• Normal condition curves are editable in the BASIC menu for convenience.

• All curves may be adjusted in the ADVANCE menu.

• Correct mix is automatically selected in-flight with each condition and automatically activated when the throttle setup for that condition is activated in the programming (i.e. THROTTLE HOLD or THR-CURVE.)

• To change which condition’s curve is being edited, cursor up above POINT5 and select. For clarity, the name of the condition currently active (switched on at the radio) is shown in parentheses behind the name of the condition whose curve is being edited.

Revo. Mixing rates are 5-point curves. For a clockwise-turning rotor, the rudder is mixed in the clockwise direction when collective pitch is increased; for counterclockwise-turning, the opposite. Change the operating direction setting by changing the signs of the numbers in the curve from plus (+) to minus (-) and vice versa.

Suggested defaults:

Clockwise rotation: -20, -10, 0, +10, +20% from low throttle to high.

Counterclockwise rotation: +20, +10, 0, -10, -20% from low throttle to high.

Adjust to the actual values that work best for your model.

Revo. Curves for idle-ups are often v-shaped to provide proper rudder input with negative pitch and increased throttle during inverted flight.(Rudder is needed to counter the reaction whenever there is increased torque. In inverted flight, throttle stick below half has increased throttle and negative pitch, therefore increasing torque and rotating the helicopter unless the revo. Mix is also increasing appropriately.)

Note: The throttle and pitch curves for the normal condition is always on. They cannot be inhibited. The other four conditions are activated with their throttle curves or throttle hold.

• THR-CURV/NOR: Inputs the normal (NORM) throttle curve, which is usually not a linear response to THROTTLE STICK motion. Adjusting point 4 of the curve adjusts the engine's RPM at the THROTTLE STICK midpoint, the desired position for hovering. The other 6 points are then adjusted to create the desired idle and maximum engine speed, and a smooth transition in-between.

• PIT-CURV/NOR: inputs the normal (NORM) collective pitch curve, the collective pitch curve for flight near hover. The normal collective pitch curve is adjusted to match the throttle curve, providing the best vertical performance at a constant engine speed, with a starting curve of 4 base, +5 neutral, and +8 to +10 degrees of blade pitch maximum. You can program the response over a 7-point curve for the best collective pitch angle relative to THROTTLE STICK movement.

• REVO./NORM: mixes collective pitch commands to the rudder (a PITCH-RUDDER mix) to suppress the torque generated by changes in the main rotor's collective pitch angle, keeping the model from yawing when throttle is applied.

Note: There are three revo, mixes available: normal (NORM), idle-up 1/2 (IDL1/2), and idle-up 3 (IDL3). All 3 are adjustable in the ADVANCE menu. Never use revo mixing in conjunction with heading-hold/AVCS gyros. For details on revo, including default points for clockwise and counterclockwise rotating rotors.

3.3.5 THROTTLE HOLD

This function holds the engine in the idling position and disengages it from the THROTTLE STICK when SWITCH AT9 is moved. It is commonly used to practice auto-rotation. Prior to setting up THR-HOLD, hook up the throttle linkage so that the carburetor is opened fully at high throttle, then use the digital trim to adjust the engine idle position. To have THR- HOLD maintain idle, move the THROTTLE STICK to the idle position, then move the hold SWITCH on and off and keep changing the offset value until the servo does not move. To lower the engine idle speed, or if you want to shut off, input a more negative number.

Adjustability:

• Idling position: Range of -50% to +50% centered about the throttle idle position to get the desired engine RPM.

• Switch assignment: Assigned to SWITCH E(AT10) or G (AT10) down. Adjustable in the CONDITION (THR-HOLD item), (2-position type switch only)

• Throttle curve: Since the throttle is moved to a single preset position, no curve is available for THR-HOLD.

• Collective pitch curve: Independent curve, typically adjusted to create a blade pitch range of -4% to +10% to +12%, is automatically activated with THRHOLD.

• Revo. mix: Since revo. mix adjusts for torque from the engine, no revo. mix is available for THR-HOLD.

• Priority: The throttle hold function has priority over idle-up. Be sure that the throttle hold and idle-up SWITCHES are in the desired positions before trying to start the engine. (We recommend starting your engine in throttle hold for safety reasons.)

• Gyro: Gyro programming includes an option to have a separate gyro setting for each condition, including THR-HOLD. This avoids the potential problem of the user being in the wrong gyro setting when going to THR-HOLD, resulting in an improper rudder offset and the model pirouetting.

3.3.6 HOVERING ADJUSTMENTS (HOV-THR and HOV-PIT):

Hovering throttle and hovering pitch are fine-turning adjustments for the throttle and collective pitch curves individually, affecting performance only around the center point and only in the normal condition. They allow in-flight tweaking of the curves for ideal setup.

Adjustability:

• Rotor speed changes caused by temp., humidity, altitude or other changes in flying conditions are easily accommodated.

• Both adjustments may be inhibited if not desired.

• Both adjustments may also be set to NULL, temporarily turning off the knob but maintaining the last memorized setting.

• Adjustments may be memorized and then the knobs returned to center point to use that amount of adjustment, allows easy use of the trimming knobs for multiple models. (Note that when memorization is repeated with the knob offset from center, the trim value accumulates.)

• Adjustments are quickly reset to the initial value by turning the dial until the trim reads 0%, memorizing, then returning the knob to its center position.

• Note that all functions, including these, assume the model hovers at half stick.

•Available in normal (NORM) or normal/ idle-up1 (NORM/IDL1) condition only.

3.3.7 HIGH/LOW PITCH (HI/LO-PIT)

This function may be used to adjust the curves high and low side individually for each flight condition (normal, idle-up 1, idle-up 2, idle-up 3, throttle hold).

Adjustability:

• You may define high and low side rate trim knobs (the high side pitch trim control is defined as the right side lever at initial setting).

• The conditions are activated in the CONDITION SELECT function.

• Both adjustments may be set to MANUAL, temporarily turning off the knob.

• Adjustments may be memorized and then return the knobs to center point to use that amount of adjustment, allows easy use of the trimming knobs for multiple models.

3.3.8 OFFSET

Optional separate trims in addition to those for the normal condition. This function is used to automatically change the trim of a helicopter, for example, when transitioned from hover to flying at high speed. A clockwise-rotation rotor helicopter tends to drift to the right at high speed, so an aileron offset may be applied to offset the helicopter to the left.

The necessary elevator offset varies with model geometry, so it must be determined by noting collective pitch changes at high speed. The rudder offset is affected by both revo. mixing and trim lever movement while in the offset function.

Adjustability:

• Complete switch assign ability, plus a CONDITION option that creates/ switches between individual trims for each of the idle-ups.

• When OFFSET is active (its switch is on), moving the TRIM LEVERS adjust the stored offset, not the trims in the normal condition.

•When OFFSET is inactive (its switch is off), the OFFSET and any trim adjustments to it have no effect (model obeys the trim settings of the currently-active flight condition.)

• When OFFSET is inhibited, trim adjustments made in any flight condition affect all flight conditions.

• Rapid jumps caused by large offsets can be slowed using the DELAY function.

• During OFFSET operation, the aileron, elevator, and rudder travels are displayed on each trim display in the Startup screen.

Note: Remember, offsets and revo mixes are not recommended when using heading-hold/AVCS gyros because they conflict with the automatic corrections to trim and torque that AVCS provides.

3.3.9 DELAY

The Delay function provides a smooth transition between the trim positions whenever OFFSET, REVO, MIXING, or THROTTLE HOLD functions are turned on and off.

Adjustability:

• Separate delay times are available for aileron, elevator, rudder, throttle, and pitch.

• With a 50% delay setting, the servo takes about a half-second to move to its new position, quite a long time.

• In general, delays of approximately 10-15% are sufficient.

3.3.10 GOVERNORS

The Governor mixing function is used to adjust the Governor speed settings (rS1, rS2, rS3) from the transmitter.

What is a governor? A governor is made up of a set of sensors which read the RPM of the helicopter’s head, and a control unit that automatically adjusts the throttle setting to maintain a constant head speed regardless of changes in pitch of blades, weather conditions, etc. Governors are extremely popular in competition helicopters due to the consistency provided.

How does it help in helicopter setup? The governor eliminates the need to spend large amounts of time setting up throttle curves, as it automatically adjusts the engine’s RPM to maintain the desired head speed.

Adjustability:

• On/off may be separate from speed switching by plugging

governor on/off into CH8 and changing CUT-CH setting.

• If using separate on/off, switch assignment is totally adjustable.

Be careful not assign governor off to a condition switch if you

want the governor to function in that condition.

• Speed switching and governor ON/OFF may be together using one switch or ON/OFF switching may be performed using an independent switch/channel.

• When speed setting control uses CH7 and separate ON/OFF switch is not used, CH8 can be used for other functions.

• In-flight adjustment of the head speed (for easy adjustment during turning) may be created using an additional channel and a programmable mix.

The GV-1 controls throttle when it is active, so the throttle will not obey any Failsafe settings preset for throttle in the transmitter. Always set the Failsafe setting for the GV-1's on/off channel to OFF. This way the governor is shut off and the throttle obeys the Failsafe throttle commands.

3.3.11 Throttle Mixing (THROTTLE MIX)

This function can be set for each flight condition, and is used to correct the tendency of the model to change altitude when the rotor is tilted by aileron, elevator, and rudder controls.

Adjustability:

• Mixing may be set from 0 to 100% each flight condition.

3.3.12 SWASH-RING

This function is to limit movement of swash plate to avoid damage to the SWASH ROB during operation aileron and ELEVATOR. It is affected in 3D flight. Movement of AILERON and ELEV is limited in the circle.

Adjustability:

• Initial: 100%

• adjusting range: 0-200%

3.3.13 THROTTLE NEEDLE

The setting of THROTTLE NEEDLE of helicopter is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 54 to check the detailed setting method.

3.3.14 CONDITION

Revo., curves for idle-ups are often v-shaped to provide proper rudder input with negative pitch and increased throttle during inverted flight. (Rudder is needed to counter the reaction whenever there is increased torque. In inverted flight, throttle stick below half has increased throttle and negative pitch, therefore increasing torque and rotating the helicopter unless the revo. mix is also increasing appropriately.)

Additional flight conditions are available specifically for helicopters. These additional flight conditions contain different throttle curves, collective pitch curves, revo. mixing, and trims (except IDLE-3) to make the helicopter perform certain maneuvers more easily. Lastly, the gyro and dual rate functions may be set to provide separate rates per condition selected, including one for each idle-up.

Additional idle-ups may be used to maximize the helicopter's flight characteristics in certain types of flight (i.e. fast forward motion, backward) or maneuvers (loops, rolls, stall turns), or even the same maneuver but changing from heading-hold/AVCS gyro mode to normal gyro mode. The AT9 provides 3 idle-ups to allow the modeler 3 additional setups along with the normal flight condition. (Note that IDL3 does not include governor settings.)

Adjustability:

• SWITCH G (AT9) or E (AT9) is programmed for normal (NORM), idle-up 1 (IDLE-UP1), and idle-up 2 (IDLE-UP2) curves, adjustable in CONDITION SELECT (IDLE-UP1/2, IDLE-UP3 items).

(IDLE-UP1/2 3-position type switch only, IDL3 2-position type switch only)

• Activated with the throttle curve for that condition in THR-CURVE.

• Curves are adjusted to maintain constant RPM even when the collective pitch is negative (inverted). Note that REVO mixing has one curve for idle-ups 1 and 2 and a second curve just for idle-up3.

•Gyro settings may be set separately for each idle-up.

• Governor settings may be set up to follow Normal/Idle1/Idle2, but do not offer a setting to adjust for each of the 5 conditions like gyro.

• Activating OFFSET makes the TRIM LEVERS adjust the trim separately in each of the idle-up conditions.

3.3.15 SERVO-DLY

The setting of SERVO-DLY of helicopter is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 56 to check the detailed setting method.

3.4 MULTIROTOR &CAR & BOAT ADVANCE MENU FUNCTIONS

3.4.1Programmable MIX

The setting of Programmable MIX of multirotor& car & boat is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 39 to check the detailed setting method.

3.4.2 Throttle Curve

The setting of Throttle Curve of multirotor& car & boat is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 53 to check the detailed setting method.

3.4.3 SERVO-DLY

The setting of SERVO-DLY of multirotor& car & boat is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 56 to check the detailed setting method.

3.4.4 Attitude (Multirotor)

The setting of Attitude of multirotor is the same with that of acrobasic. Click here or go to page 56 to check the detailed setting method.

3.4.5 Throttle Hold (Multirotor)

This function holds the engine in the idling position and disengages it from the THROTTLE STICK. Once the function is turned on, the throttle stick won’t respond to any movement. If the rate of throttle hold is low, there is risk of crash for airplanes. Set MIX to INH or On. SWA to SWH can be set as switch to control the function. There are two modes, including RATE and THROTTLE.

RATE: When turning on the switch, the throttle will keep at a certain rate to run. The range is from 0% to 100%, the lowest to the highest.

THROTTLE: Assign a switch to turn on/off the function, when it is on, the throttle will run with the speed corresponding to the position at that time.

3.4.6 GYRO-SENSE (Car & Boat)

This function is to set gyro sensitivity for car and boat.

When MIX set OFF, gyro is disabled while when MIX set ON, you can adjust gyro sensitivity. The channel can be set from channel 5 to channel 10. After setting the channel of GYRO, connect the channel with receiver.

The range of sensitivity is 0%-100%.

3.4.7 SPEED (Car & Boat)

The function is to set THSPD, ACCEL and IDLUP, which can effectively avoid skid and reduce the harm to the models.

The range of THSPD is from 0% to 100%, and it defaults to 100%. THSPD can start the car more smoothly and reduce the consumption of the battery. When the car is running at smooth road, sudden acceleration may cause skid. The range of ACCEL is from 0% to 100%, and it defaults to 100%. The rate is set to control the brake action. The range of IDLUP is from 0% to 100%, and it defaults to 0%. The higher the rate is, the faster the idle speed is.

3.4.8 A.B.S

When the brakes are applied while cornering with a 4 Wheel Drive or other type of vehicle, under-steer may occur. The generation of under-steer can be eliminated and corners can be smoothly cleared by using this function. When the brakes are applied, the throttle servo will pulse intermittently with A.B.S. This will have the same effect as pumping the brakes in a full size car.

Set MODE to ACT to turn on the function.

ABP: Brake return amount. Set the rate at which the servo returns versus trigger operation for brake release. It ranges from 0% to 100%. When set to 0, the ABS function is not

Performed. When set to 50, the servo returns 50% (1/2)of the trigger operation amount.

DLY: Delay amount. It ranges from 0% to 100%. Sets the delay from brake operation to ABS operation.

CYC: Cycle speed. Sets the pulse speed (cycle). It ranges from 0% to 30%. The smaller the set value, the faster the pulse cycle.

TGP: Operation point. Sets the trigger point at which the ABS function begins to operate at brake operation.

It ranges from 0% to 100%.

DTY: Cycle duty ratio. Sets the proportion of the time the brakes are applied and the time the brakes are released by pulse operation. The ratio can be set to +3 ~ 0~-3.

STM: Steering mixing. Sets ABS operation ON/OFF according to the steering operation range. It ranges from -100% to 100%.

PART 4. TUTORIAL

To help users to be more convenient when using AT9S Pro, we provide you with video tutorials on some complex functions.

4.1 Use tutorial

https://ww

w.youtube.com/watch?v=nmExVpnZFNI

PART 5. AFTER-SALES SERVICE POLICIES

After-sales Contact Information: after_service@radiolink.com.cn

Note: Your email will be replied once the after-sales are at work. When there is statutory holiday in China, the reply may be delayed.

Warranty:

Starting from the date of purchase, your products will enjoy:

lifetime guidance on using.

2-year warranty for all RadioLink transmitters.

1-year warranty for all RadioLink products except transmitters.

During the warranty period, if there is any non-artificial performance failures (no unauthorized disassembly, no modification or installation under the guidance of non-official instructions, damage, other non-artificial failures) or failures caused by the quality of the product itself, RadioLink will provide free accessories for users for replacement.

Note: Keep purchase invoice with order number when you buy products online. Keep receipt when you buy products offline. If there is a failure to provide valid purchase invoice or receipt, you can communicate with the after-sales to communicate the situation and possibly resolve this situation. After verification by the after-sales, the warranty period can be verified.

RadioLink After-sales Process

Contact the after-sale service and provide information about product, faults or bugs, the time of purchase, purchase location, and purchase invoice with order number.

Communicate with the afThank you again for choosing our products !

ter-sales to find out the problem. When there is necessity to send accessories, provide detailed receiver information including phone, name, address, postcode to the after-sales and pay for it (or free).

Wait and receive the accessories for replacement.

Note: If there is necessity to replace accessories, please contact the seller it was purchased from first, after which if the situation is still not resolved contact RadioLink.

Repair Costs

If the products are under the warranty, RadioLink will provide free accessories for users for replacement. The freight is paid by the user by default.

If the products are out of warranty, or the problem is caused by artificial damage, accessory costs and freight will be paid by the user.

Thanks

Thank you very much for purchasing the 12-channel transmitters AT9S Pro produced by RadioLink Electronics Co., Ltd. (The factory default is 10 channels. If you need to use 12 channels, you can enter the BASIC menu- SYSTEM- CH SELECT to change it to CH12, which is compatible with 12-channel receivers. If the channel of the receiver is less than 12, please change it back to 10CH). In order to better use the transmitter and ensure safe flight, please read the instruction carefully. When compiling the instruction, we try our best to use familiar names and expressions to make it easy for beginners to read.

Suggestion: When you read this manual, please turn on the transmitter and receiver and connect the receiver to the servos and other related equipment, and operate while reading. When you read these instructions, if you encounter difficulties, please refer to this manual or contact our after-sales service:after_service@radiolink.com.cn and visit our official website: https://www.radiolink.com/ to find out answers.

The USB port of AT9S Pro is used to upgrade firmware and add new functions. The added functions will not be modified in the manual. For more information, please visit the official website of RadioLink: https://www.radiolink.com/ thank you!